Cicatricial tissue, also known as scar tissue, refers to a type of connective tissue that forms during the process of wound healing. It develops when an injury or damage occurs to the skin or any internal organ, leading to the repair of the affected area. This specialized tissue is primarily composed of an abundance of collagen fibers, which are produced by fibroblast cells.
The formation of cicatricial tissue typically begins with the inflammation phase of wound healing, during which blood vessels dilate, allowing immune cells and nutrients to reach the damaged site. Next, fibroblast cells migrate to the area and start secreting collagen, a protein that helps in tissue regeneration. Over time, these collagen fibers accumulate and align themselves in a haphazard manner, resulting in the formation of a scar. Cicatricial tissue may vary in appearance, ranging from flat, pale lines to raised, thickened, or even keloid scars.
Although cicatricial tissue plays a vital role in the body's natural healing process, it often differs in texture and function from the original tissue, impairing its normal function, flexibility, and elasticity. This altered tissue may lack hair follicles, sweat glands, and melanocytes, and may thus differ in color, making the scar more noticeable. Additionally, cicatricial tissue tends to have less blood supply compared to normal tissue, which can lead to reduced sensation in the scarred area.
In summary, cicatricial tissue is a type of connective tissue formed during the wound healing process, composed mainly of collagen fibers. While it helps to close and repair wounds, it often results in the formation of scars, which may have impaired functionality compared to the original tissue.
