Cicadidae refers to a large family of insects belonging to the order Hemiptera, commonly known as cicadas. The term is derived from the Latin word "cicada," meaning "tree cricket."
Cicadidae is comprised of over 3,000 known species found worldwide, although they are predominantly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. These insects are mostly recognized for their distinctive buzzing or chirping sounds produced by the males as a mating call. They possess membranous wings and are typically robust in structure, with large eyes and short antennae.
Cicadidae undergoes incomplete metamorphosis, transitioning through three life stages: egg, nymph, and adult. The nymphs, often referred to as cicada larvae, live underground for an extended period, feeding on the sap from tree roots. This phase can last anywhere from a few months to several years, depending on the species. Once fully developed, the nymphs emerge from the soil, undergoing one final molt to become winged adults.
These insects are primarily herbivorous, with adult cicadas often feeding on plant sap while causing minimal damage. However, occasional outbreaks of cicadas can lead to significant defoliation in trees and crops. Despite this, cicadas play an integral role in ecosystems as a food source for various predators, including birds and mammals.
Cicadidae holds cultural significance in many regions, often considered symbols of summer or associated with folklore and mythology. Their distinctive sounds and vibrant appearances make them a fascinating subject of study for entomologists, contributing to our understanding of insect behavior, ecology, and evolution.
