Cholestasis is a medical condition characterized by impaired or blocked bile flow from the liver. Bile is a yellowish-green fluid produced by the liver that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. In cholestasis, the flow of bile from the liver to the small intestine is disrupted, leading to its accumulation within the liver.
This condition can be caused by various factors, including liver diseases, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or primary biliary cholangitis, as well as certain medications or pregnancy. Cholestasis can also be a symptom of underlying conditions, such as gallstones or tumors.
The main symptoms of cholestasis include intense itching, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, and pale stools. These occur due to the buildup of bilirubin, a yellow pigment found in bile, in the bloodstream.
Diagnosis of cholestasis involves blood tests to measure liver function and detect elevated levels of certain enzymes and bilirubin. Imaging techniques, like ultrasound or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), may also be used to visualize the bile ducts and check for blockages.
Treatment for cholestasis aims at alleviating symptoms and addressing the underlying cause. It may involve medications to improve bile flow or alleviate itching. In cases where the condition is severe or progressive, surgical interventions like bile duct bypass surgery or liver transplantation may be considered.
Overall, early detection and treatment of cholestasis are crucial in order to prevent further liver damage and potential complications.
