Choledochectasia is a medical term that refers to the dilation or enlargement of the common bile duct (choledochus). The condition can be congenital, meaning that a person is born with it, or acquired, which means it develops later in life.
In congenital cases, choledochectasia is often associated with abnormalities in the structure and function of the bile ducts. This can include malformations or obstructions that prevent the normal flow of bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine. As a result, the bile backs up and accumulates, leading to the dilation of the common bile duct.
Acquired choledochectasia, on the other hand, usually occurs as a result of blockage or obstruction within the common bile duct. This can be caused by conditions such as gallstones, tumors, or inflammation of the bile ducts. The obstruction impedes the passage of bile, causing it to accumulate and dilate the duct.
Common symptoms of choledochectasia include abdominal pain, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, and fever. In severe cases, complications may arise, such as cholangitis (bile duct inflammation) or pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
Diagnosis of choledochectasia typically involves imaging tests, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), to visualize the structure and condition of the bile ducts. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity but can include medications to manage symptoms, endoscopic procedures to remove blockages, or surgical interventions if necessary.
In summary, choledochectasia refers to the dilation or enlargement of the common bile duct, which can be congenital or
