Choke damp refers to a poisonous gas that often accumulates in underground mines. The spelling of this term can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcription. The word "choke" is pronounced /tʃoʊk/, with the two phonemes being /tʃ/ and /oʊ/. The word "damp" is pronounced /dæmp/, with the two phonemes being /d/ and /æmp/. When combined, "choke damp" is pronounced /tʃoʊk dæmp/. It is important for miners to be aware of the spelling and pronunciation of this term for their safety.
Choke damp, also known as black damp or simply damp, refers to a gaseous mixture typically found in underground mines, caves, or confined spaces that contains an insufficient amount of oxygen required for regular respiration. This term specifically refers to a toxic gas mix that does not have a noticeable odor or color, making it particularly hazardous for individuals who enter these environments without appropriate precautions or warning systems.
Choke damp is primarily composed of carbon dioxide (CO2), a natural byproduct of human respiration, and nitrogen (N2). Nitrogen, an abundant component of air, can displace the oxygen necessary for sustaining life. As a result, the concentration of oxygen drops below safe levels, leading to asphyxiation if prolonged exposure occurs.
This gas mix can be generated by several processes, including the natural decay of organic matter, combustion processes, or chemical reactions within the environment. The lack of visible warning signs makes choke damp particularly treacherous, as individuals may not be aware of its presence until they experience symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, confusion, or loss of consciousness.
To mitigate the risk of choke damp, proper ventilation systems, gas detectors, or breathing apparatuses are crucial when entering environments prone to this gas mixture. Additionally, regular monitoring of gas levels and adherence to safety protocols are vital to ensure the well-being of workers or explorers in underground or confined spaces.
In conclusion, choke damp is a dangerous gas mixture typically encountered in mines, caves, or enclosed spaces, characterized by a deficiency of oxygen required for breathing, primarily due to high concentrations of carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
• The carbonic acid gas of mines.
• The carbonic acid gas, fatal to animal life, which is generated in close and confined places, as coal-pits, cellars, wells, &c.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The term "choke damp" originates from the coal mining industry and refers to a deadly gas mixture primarily composed of carbon monoxide (CO). The etymology of the word is a combination of two components:
1. Choke: The word "choke" in this context refers to the choking or suffocating effect the gas has on the miners who inhale it. When exposed to high levels of carbon monoxide, individuals experience oxygen deprivation, leading to suffocation and potential death.
2. Damp: The term "damp" refers to the dampness or moist conditions typically found in coal mines. Coal mines are prone to high levels of humidity, and as a result, the gases produced underground can easily become trapped and concentrated in these damp areas.
Together, "choke damp" refers to the suffocating and deadly gas mixture predominantly composed of carbon monoxide that accumulates in the damp conditions of coal mines.