CHIRAL RESOLUTION Meaning and
Definition
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Chiral resolution, in the field of chemistry, refers to the process of separating and isolating enantiomers, which are pairs of chemical compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in their three-dimensional arrangement. Enantiomers possess a chiral center, which is an atom that has four different substituents, therefore resulting in a nonsuperimposable mirror image relationship between the two compounds.
Chiral resolution is typically achieved through a variety of techniques, with the main goal being to separate the enantiomers into pure forms. One of the common methods includes using a chiral resolving agent, which is a compound that interacts selectively with one enantiomer over the other, leading to their separation. The resolving agent can form diastereomers, which are pairs of compounds that differ in their configuration at one or more chiral centers.
Another approach to chiral resolution involves utilizing chiral stationary phases, such as chiral columns or chromatographic media, where one enantiomer interacts more strongly with the phase and therefore takes longer to elute. By adjusting various parameters like solvent composition, temperature, and flow rate, the enantiomers can be separated and collected in pure form.
Chiral resolution plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical research and development, as enantiomers of drugs often exhibit different biological activities. It allows scientists to study and understand the distinct properties and effects of each enantiomer, helping to optimize drug efficacy and reduce potential side effects.
Overall, chiral resolution is an essential tool in chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences, enabling the separation and isolation of enantiomers to study their individual characteristics and applications.
Etymology of CHIRAL RESOLUTION
The word "chiral" is derived from the Greek word "kheir" meaning "hand". In chemistry, the term "chiral" describes a molecule that is not superimposable on its mirror image.
The term "resolution" in this context refers to the separation of a mixture of enantiomers, which are chiral molecules that have the same chemical structure but differ in their spatial arrangement. The term "resolution" is borrowed from analytical chemistry, where it refers to the separation of different components of a mixture.
