CHEMOTHERAPY DRUG SENSITIVITY TEST Meaning and
Definition
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Chemotherapy drug sensitivity test, also known as chemotherapy sensitivity assay or drug sensitivity testing, is a laboratory procedure conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of various chemotherapy drugs on cancer cells. It is used to determine the sensitivity or resistance of cancer cells to specific chemotherapy agents or combinations, thus aiding in the selection of the most appropriate treatment for an individual patient.
During a chemotherapy drug sensitivity test, tumor cells are collected from a patient's biopsy or surgical specimen. These cells are then cultured and exposed to different chemotherapy drugs or combinations at various concentrations. The test measures the response of these cells by assessing their growth inhibition or cell death upon exposure to the drugs. This provides valuable information about the efficacy of different chemotherapy agents against the specific cancer cells present in the patient's tumor.
The purpose of a chemotherapy drug sensitivity test is two-fold. Firstly, it helps oncologists determine which chemotherapy drugs are most likely to be effective in treating a particular patient's cancer. This individualized approach allows for personalized treatment decisions, potentially increasing treatment success rates. Secondly, it can help avoid unnecessary toxicity and side effects by excluding drugs that are unlikely to be effective.
By providing valuable information about the sensitivity or resistance of cancer cells to specific chemotherapy drugs, the chemotherapy drug sensitivity test serves as a crucial tool in guiding clinicians in the selection of the most appropriate and effective treatment options for cancer patients.
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