CHECK DIGIT Meaning and
Definition
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A check digit, also known as a checksum or validation digit, refers to a single digit that is added to numerical data for the purpose of verifying its accuracy. It is commonly used in various applications, such as barcode systems, identification numbers, credit card numbers, and serial numbers, to detect errors that may occur during data transmission or input.
The check digit is calculated based on a mathematical algorithm, typically using the other digits in the data. The algorithm or formula depends on the specific application or industry standards being used. Once the check digit is calculated, it is added to the end of the data string, and the entire string is considered as the final data.
The main purpose of the check digit is to detect errors, such as transposition or transcription errors, that may occur when data is entered or transmitted. By performing a simple mathematical calculation on the data, the receiving system can compare the calculated check digit with the one appended to the data. If they match, it indicates that the data is most likely accurate. However, if they do not match, it suggests that an error might have been introduced during the data entry or transmission process.
Check digits provide a reliable method for error detection without the need for retransmission of data or manual verification. They are widely used in industries where data accuracy is critical, such as banking, logistics, and inventory management.
Etymology of CHECK DIGIT
The term "check digit" originates from the combination of two separate words: "check" and "digit".
1. Check: The word "check" is derived from the Old French word "eschec", which means "a chess move that puts the opponent's king under direct attack". It later entered Middle English as "chek" with a similar meaning. Over time, the term expanded to refer to verifying or inspecting something for accuracy or correctness. In the context of "check digit", the word implies the act of verifying or validating a value.
2. Digit: The word "digit" comes from the Latin word "digitus", which originally referred to a finger or toe. However, it later extended to represent any numerical symbol used for counting, including the ones we use today (0-9). In the context of "check digit", the word represents a numerical value or symbol that serves a specific purpose.
