CGD stands for Chronic Granulomatous Disease. It is a rare inherited disorder characterized by a defect in the immune system's ability to kill certain types of bacteria and fungi.
In people with CGD, a group of white blood cells called phagocytes are unable to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are essential for effectively killing and destroying harmful microorganisms within the body. This defect leads to recurring and severe bacterial and fungal infections that are difficult to clear.
Symptoms of CGD may include frequent and persistent infections, such as pneumonia, skin infections, abscesses, and osteomyelitis. These infections may be more profound and difficult to treat compared to individuals with a normal functioning immune system. CGD mainly affects males, although rare cases in females have been reported as well.
Treatment for CGD typically involves a combination of preventative measures, such as prophylactic antibiotic therapy, antifungal medications, and vaccinations against certain infections. Additionally, patients may undergo gene therapy or receive a stem cell transplant from a compatible donor to replace the defective immune cells with healthy ones.
In summary, CGD is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a faulty immune system that typically affects males. It causes increased susceptibility to severe bacterial and fungal infections due to the inability of certain white blood cells to kill harmful microorganisms effectively. Treatment options include preventative measures and potentially gene therapy or stem cell transplant.
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