Cetirizine is an antihistamine medication, typically sold under brand names such as Zyrtec or Reactine, that is primarily used to alleviate allergy symptoms. It is available in the form of tablets, chewable tablets, liquid gel capsules, and oral syrup. Cetirizine is commonly prescribed or recommended over-the-counter to treat various allergic conditions, including hay fever (allergic rhinitis), hives (urticaria), and other allergic reactions caused by substances like pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or certain foods.
As an antihistamine, cetirizine works by blocking the effects of histamine, a natural substance produced by the body in response to an allergic reaction. By inhibiting the action of histamine, it helps relieve symptoms such as sneezing, runny or itchy nose, itchy or watery eyes, skin rash, and itching.
Cetirizine is usually taken once a day, and its effect generally lasts for about 24 hours. It is generally well-tolerated, with few side effects. Commonly reported side effects, although uncommon, may include drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, headache, or minor stomach upset.
It is important to note that cetirizine should be used as directed by a healthcare professional or as indicated on the packaging. Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as liver or kidney disease, should exercise caution when taking cetirizine, and it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider before starting any new medication.
