A cervical lymph node refers to a small, bean-shaped glandular body found in the neck region, particularly in proximity to the cervical spine. It is part of the lymphatic system, which is responsible for maintaining the body's immune response and fluid balance. These nodes primarily function as filters, trapping and destroying harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, and abnormal cells that enter the lymphatic system from the head, scalp, neck, and surrounding areas.
Cervical lymph nodes are distributed throughout the neck region, divided into superficial and deep groups. Superficial cervical lymph nodes are located just beneath the skin, while deep cervical lymph nodes lie deeper, closer to the cervical spine. The nodes are connected to each other by a network of lymphatic vessels, facilitating the flow of lymph fluid and immunocompetent cells between them.
When infection or inflammation occurs in the head and neck area, the associated cervical lymph nodes may become enlarged and tender. This enlargement, known as lymphadenopathy, is commonly observed as a result of the body's immune response to an infection or a malignancy. By examining cervical lymph nodes for size, consistency, and tenderness, healthcare professionals can gain crucial diagnostic information about the underlying condition. In certain cases, a biopsy or aspiration of a cervical lymph node may be performed to investigate the cause of lymphadenopathy further.
In summary, a cervical lymph node is a glandular body situated in the neck region, involved in filtering and trapping foreign substances in the lymphatic system, aiding in the body's immune response and maintaining fluid balance.
