Centrocytic small cell lymphomas, also known as small lymphocytic lymphoma, are a group of rare types of non-Hodgkin lymphomas that primarily affect the lymph nodes and bone marrow. These lymphomas belong to the low-grade or indolent category and are characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of centrocytic cells within the lymphoid tissues.
Centrocytic small cell lymphomas typically occur in older individuals, most commonly in their 60s or 70s, and are more prevalent in males than females. They can arise in various lymph nodes throughout the body, such as the neck, armpits, or groin, leading to enlarged lymph nodes. Unlike other lymphoma types, these lymphomas generally do not involve the spleen or liver.
In terms of symptoms, individuals with centrocytic small cell lymphomas may experience unexplained weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, fever, and generalized itching. However, some individuals may remain asymptomatic for a considerable period.
Histologically, centrocytic small cell lymphomas are characterized by the presence of small mature-appearing lymphocytes with condensed nuclei, known as centrocytes, which typically have a predominantly small cell morphology. Immunochemical profiling using specific cell markers can help confirm the diagnosis. Additionally, genetic tests, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), may be conducted to detect specific genetic abnormalities associated with the disease.
The treatment approach for centrocytic small cell lymphomas depends on various factors, including the stage and extent of the disease. Treatment options may include watchful waiting, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. Close monitoring of the condition is essential due to its chronic and slowly progressive nature.
