The celestial pole is a point in the sky around which all stars appear to rotate. The spelling of the word "celestial" is /səˈlɛstʃəl/ (suh-les-chuhl), with the stress on the second syllable. The "c" is pronounced as an "s" sound, and the "e" is a schwa sound. The spelling of "pole" is /poʊl/, with the stress on the first syllable. The "o" in "pole" is pronounced as a long "o" sound. Together, "celestial pole" is pronounced /səˈlɛsʃəl poʊl/ (suh-les-chuhl pohl).
The term "celestial pole" refers to an imaginary point in the sky, located directly above either of the Earth's geographic poles. It is the projection of Earth's axis onto the celestial sphere. There are two celestial poles: the North Celestial Pole (NCP) and the South Celestial Pole (SCP).
The North Celestial Pole is the point in the northern sky that appears to be stationary, and around which all the stars seem to rotate in a counterclockwise direction. It is the northern extension of Earth's rotational axis and aligns with the Earth's North Pole. Similarly, the South Celestial Pole is the corresponding point in the southern sky that appears to be fixed, and around which the southern stars appear to revolve clockwise. It aligns with the Earth's South Pole.
The concept of celestial poles is fundamental to celestial navigation and astronomical observations. The positions of the celestial poles remain relatively fixed with respect to the background stars, allowing for the determination of various astronomical coordinates such as right ascension and declination. Notably, celestial poles serve as important reference points for star maps and determining the positions and motions of celestial objects. The angles between an observer's local horizon and the celestial poles are crucial for finding one's latitude on Earth. Celestial poles also play a significant role in determining the visibility of celestial bodies, as objects near the poles appear to circle the sky without setting or rising.
The word "celestial" originates from the Latin word "caelestis", which means "heavenly" or "divine". It is derived from the noun "caelum", meaning "sky" or "heaven".
The term "pole" has its roots in the Old English word "pāl", which refers to a stake or post driven into the ground. It is akin to the Old Norse word "pāll" meaning "pole" or "rod".
Combining these origins, "celestial pole" refers to the points in the sky around which the stars appear to rotate due to the Earth's rotation. These points are the imaginary extensions of the Earth's axis into space and are called the North and South Celestial Poles.