CDH stands for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. It is a rare birth defect in which an opening is present in the diaphragm, the muscular membrane that separates the chest and abdominal cavities. This opening allows organs from the abdomen, such as the stomach, intestines, and liver, to move into the chest cavity, compressing the lungs and inhibiting their proper development.
CDH is typically diagnosed during pregnancy through ultrasound imaging or after birth through physical examination and medical imaging tests. The severity of the condition varies from case to case, with some infants exhibiting mild symptoms while others experience significant respiratory distress and associated complications.
Infants with CDH often present with difficulty breathing, cyanosis (bluish skin color), rapid breathing, diminished breath sounds, and an increased heart rate. Depending on the severity of the condition, treatment options may include immediate ventilatory support or surgery to repair the defect by closing the opening in the diaphragm.
Due to the associated pulmonary and cardiovascular complications, CDH can be life-threatening for newborns. The condition requires multidisciplinary medical management involving neonatal intensive care specialists, pediatric surgeons, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals.
Long-term outcomes for CDH survivors vary considerably, ranging from normal lung function and development to chronic respiratory issues and developmental delays. Ongoing medical follow-up and support are crucial to monitor and address any potential complications.
