CDb Antigens is a term used in immunology to describe a class of cell-surface molecules present on certain lymphocytes. The spelling of CDb Antigens is based on the IPA phonetic transcription, which represents the sounds of speech. In this case, CDb is pronounced as [siː diː biː], while Antigens is pronounced as [ænˈtɪdʒɛnz]. The use of phonetic transcription helps to ensure that the word is accurately pronounced by readers and speakers of different languages, leading to better communication and understanding in the field of immunology.
CDb antigens refer to a group of human antigens present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) or erythrocytes. These antigens are determined by specific genes located on chromosome number nine. CDb antigens are classified into two main categories: CDe and C prepared.
CDe antigens are a subset of CDb antigens, and their presence or absence on RBCs is determined by the CDE gene. These antigens can be further divided into Cde and cde. The Cde subtype is expressed more frequently in the general population. Individuals who possess CDe antigens on their RBCs are considered CDe positive, while those without are categorized as CDe negative.
C prepared antigens are also a subgroup of CDb antigens, and their presence or absence is determined by the Preparation gene. Similar to CDE antigens, these antigens can be further divided into Cw and cw subtypes. The Cw subtype tends to be more prevalent in the population.
CDb antigens play a significant role in blood transfusion compatibility and in determining blood type. Because these antigens can vary from person to person, they are crucial considerations when selecting appropriate donor blood for transfusion to prevent immune reactions. The presence or absence of CDb antigens in an individual's blood can also have implications in certain medical conditions and diseases, including hemolytic disease of the newborn and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.