The carpus is an anatomical term that refers to the cluster of bones located within the wrist region of the human body. It is typically composed of eight small carpal bones arranged in two rows: the proximal row, which is closer to the forearm, and the distal row, which is closer to the hand. The carpal bones in the proximal row include the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform, while the distal row contains the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.
The carpus is an essential component of the skeletal system, connecting the ulna and radius bones of the forearm with the metacarpal bones of the hand. It serves as a vital link between the upper limb and the hand, enabling a wide range of movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.
Additionally, the carpal bones play a crucial role in maintaining stability and providing support to the hand. They form a protective arch-like structure that safeguards the underlying structures and acts as a strong foundation for the muscles and tendons that control hand movements.
The carpus is highly vulnerable to trauma and various conditions that can affect its functionality and overall health. Fractures, dislocations, arthritis, and other disorders can negatively impact the carpal bones, leading to pain, limited mobility, and impairment of hand function. Treatment and management of carpal injuries and conditions may involve immobilization, physical therapy, medications, or surgical interventions, depending on the severity and nature of the problem.
