Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition characterized by the compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel of the wrist. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway located on the palm side of the wrist that is formed by the bones and connective tissues. The median nerve, responsible for providing sensation to the thumb, index, middle, and half of the ring finger, as well as controlling certain muscles of the hand, runs through this tunnel.
The compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel can occur due to various reasons, such as swelling, repetitive wrist motions, hormonal changes, or underlying health conditions. Common symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include pain, numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation in the affected hand and fingers.
Typically, individuals who perform repetitive hand movements or have occupations involving prolonged use of the wrists, such as computer typing or assembly line work, are more susceptible to developing carpal tunnel syndrome. Additionally, other risk factors include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis), obesity, and pregnancy.
Treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome varies depending on the severity and individual circumstances. Non-surgical approaches may involve wrist splinting, changes in activity or ergonomic modifications, pain management, and physical therapy. In more severe cases or when conservative treatments fail to provide relief, surgical intervention may be considered to alleviate the pressure on the median nerve and widen the carpal tunnel.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management of carpal tunnel syndrome can help alleviate symptoms, prevent further nerve damage, and improve overall hand function and quality of life.
