Pronunciation: [kˈaɹɪnə͡l] (IPA) 
The word "carinal" is often misspelled as "cardinal", likely due to their similar pronunciation. However, the correct spelling of "carinal" refers to the anatomical term for a structure found in the respiratory system of birds. The IPA phonetic transcription of "carinal" is /kəˈraɪnəl/, with the stress on the second syllable. The pronunciation includes a short "uh" sound, "rye" and "nuh" sounds, and finally an "ul" sound at the end.
Carinal is an adjective that refers to something related to or located at a carina. The term carina has multiple meanings depending on the context in which it is used.
In biology, carina is used to describe a ridge or a keel-like structure, often found in anatomical structures. For instance, it can refer to the carina of the trachea, which is the ridge located at the division between the two primary bronchi. This structure serves as a guide for intubation during certain medical procedures. Additionally, carinal can also refer to the carina of a bird's sternum, which is a prominent keel-like ridge providing attachment for flight muscles.
In astronomy, carina can denote one of the constellations in the southern hemisphere called Carina, which represents the keel of a ship. In this context, carinal would pertain to objects, phenomena, or characteristics associated with this constellation.
Carinal can also be used in a more general sense to describe any central or fundamental aspect of something. For example, in linguistics, it can be employed to describe the central or main branches of a language family tree.
Overall, carinal refers to anything relating to or located at a carina, whether it be anatomical, astronomical, or conceptual.
Applied to aestivation when the carina embraces the other parts of the flower.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The etymology of the word "carinal" can be traced back to the Latin word "carīna", which means "keel" or "hull of a ship". The term "carīna" was originally used in a nautical context to refer to the projecting ridge along the bottom of a ship. Over time, the term expanded its meaning to encompass other structures or ridges resembling the shape of a keel, such as the keel-shaped ridges found in various anatomical structures. Thus, "carinal" came to describe anything related to or resembling such keel-shaped structures. In biological contexts, "carinal" is often used to describe anatomical features like the carina (a ridge) found in the trachea or bronchi within the respiratory system.
