Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique performed in emergency situations to restart and maintain the breathing and blood circulation of a person whose heart has stopped. It involves a series of manual actions aimed at providing artificial respiration and external chest compressions, which, combined, can help restore the person's vital functions.
During CPR, the individual performing the procedure places the heel of their hand on the center of the person's chest and interlocks their fingers. With the person lying on their back, the rescuer then applies firm pressure downwards, at least two inches deep, repeatedly and rhythmically, to compress the chest. This compresses the heart between the chest bone and the person's spine, mimicking the pumping motion of the heart and promoting the circulation of oxygen-rich blood.
In addition to chest compressions, CPR may involve providing rescue breaths to the person in need. The rescuer will tilt the person's head back, pinch their nose, and create a seal with their mouth over the person's mouth or nose, then deliver slow breaths into their lungs.
CPR should be continued until professional medical help arrives or until the person shows signs of response such as normal breathing, movement, or the return of their pulse. Prompt initiation of CPR can significantly increase the chances of survival for a person experiencing cardiac arrest or respiratory failure, and it is a fundamental skill that can be learned through standardized training programs.
