Candidiasis is a medical condition caused by the overgrowth of a type of yeast called Candida, particularly the species Candida albicans. It commonly affects the skin, mucous membranes, and occasionally, internal organs, resulting in an infection. Candidiasis is often referred to as a yeast infection.
The Candida yeast is normally present in small amounts in the human body, primarily in the mouth, digestive tract, and genital area. However, under certain circumstances, such as a weakened immune system, hormonal imbalances, or the use of antibiotics, the yeast can multiply rapidly, leading to an overgrowth and subsequent infection.
Symptoms of candidiasis depend on the site of infection and can vary. Common manifestations include itching, redness, and discomfort in affected areas. For instance, oral candidiasis, also known as thrush, presents as creamy white patches on the tongue, gums, or throat. Genital candidiasis may cause vaginal itching, soreness, and abnormal discharge.
Treatment of candidiasis typically involves antifungal medications, which can be administered orally, topically, or intravenously, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining good hygiene, wearing loose-fitting clothes, and avoiding irritants, can help prevent recurrent episodes.
If left untreated, candidiasis can lead to complications, especially in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms of candidiasis persist or worsen.
