Cancer of the bladder, also known as bladder cancer, is a malignant neoplastic growth that originates in the cells of the urinary bladder. The bladder is a hollow organ located in the lower abdomen that stores urine before it is expelled from the body through the urethra. Cancer of the bladder occurs when cells within the bladder mutate and multiply uncontrollably, forming a tumor.
There are different types of bladder cancers, with the most common being transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). TCC develops in the urothelial cells, which line the inner surface of the bladder. Other less common types include squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Risk factors for bladder cancer include smoking, exposure to certain chemicals such as those found in dyes and rubber, chronic bladder infections, and a family history of bladder cancer.
Symptoms of bladder cancer may include blood in the urine (hematuria), frequent urination, urgency to urinate, pelvic pain, and back pain. However, these symptoms can also be caused by other non-cancerous conditions, so it is important to seek medical evaluation for an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment options for bladder cancer depend on various factors such as the stage and extent of the disease. They may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis and increase the chances of a successful outcome. Regular follow-up visits and screenings are often recommended to monitor the progression and potential recurrence of bladder cancer.
