The term "canalis infraorbitalis" refers to a specific anatomical structure found in human and some animal skulls. It is a bony canal or passageway that is located beneath the orbit, or eye socket, of the skull.
The canalis infraorbitalis begins at the infraorbital foramen, which is a small opening located on the maxillary bone, or cheekbone. From this point, the canal extends in a slightly downward and forward direction, passing through the bony structure of the maxilla.
This canal serves an important purpose as it provides passage for certain structures, including a nerve, called the infraorbital nerve, as well as blood vessels. The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve, which is one of the three major branches of the trigeminal nerve, the main sensory nerve of the face.
The infraorbital nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory information, such as touch, pain, and temperature, from the upper lip, the lower eyelid, and the skin of the nose to the brain. It also innervates the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, the lining of the maxillary sinuses, and the upper gum.
In summary, the canalis infraorbitalis is a bony canal located beneath the eye socket, through which the infraorbital nerve and blood vessels pass. It plays a crucial role in transmitting sensory information from the upper lip, lower eyelid, and skin of the nose to the brain.
