Pronunciation: [kˈambɪəl] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "cambial" is derived from the Latin word "cambium", which means "exchange". In IPA phonetic transcription, it is pronounced as /kæmbiəl/. The "c" sounds like the letter "k", while the "a" is pronounced as the short vowel sound "æ". The "m" and "b" are pronounced distinctly, followed by the "i" sound as in "sit". Finally, the word ends with the "al" sound, which can be pronounced like "uhl" or "al".
Cambial, as an adjective, refers to something related to or pertaining to the cambium. The term originates from the Latin word "cambium," which means "change" or "exchange." In botany, the cambium refers to the layer of actively dividing cells found in the stems and roots of vascular plants.
More specifically, cambial tissue is responsible for the secondary growth in plants, resulting in an increase in girth and thickness of stems and roots. This tissue is found between the xylem and phloem, two other types of plant tissues. Cambial cells divide and differentiate into secondary xylem (wood) cells towards the inner surface and secondary phloem (bark) cells towards the outer surface. This continuous division and growth allow plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions and support their structure.
The term "cambial" can also be used in other scientific contexts. For instance, in paleobotany, it describes the process of replacement and regeneration of organic material in fossilized wood. Furthermore, in medicine, it can refer to the ability of certain cells, such as stem cells, to differentiate into various specialized tissues or organs.
Overall, "cambial" denotes any association with the vital plant tissue responsible for growth and development by producing secondary xylem and phloem.
Pert. to.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
