Caking coal refers to a type of coal that has a property known as caking ability. Also known as coking coal, it is a specific grade of coal that possesses the capability to soften, swell, and then solidify upon heating to high temperatures. The term "cake" describes the formation that occurs during the coking process.
Caking coal contains a high concentration of volatile matter, which allows it to undergo a process called coking. When heated in the absence of air, this coal undergoes transformation and produces a solid, porous, and cohesive mass that is highly resistant to breaking. This solid product, known as coke, is primarily used as fuel in industrial processes like steelmaking.
The caking ability of coal is determined by various factors such as its chemical composition, rank, and physical properties. Higher-ranking coals, generally known as bituminous coals, exhibit greater caking ability compared to lower-ranking coals like sub-bituminous or lignite coals.
Caking coal is paramount in the production of coke, a critical component in the iron and steel industry. The coke derived from caking coal has the ability to produce intense heat, provide reducing agents, and maintain structural integrity during the steelmaking process. It is essential for achieving high-quality steel with desired properties like strength, durability, and corrosion resistance.
In summary, caking coal is a specific grade of coal distinguished by its caking ability. It undergoes a transformation upon heating, resulting in the formation of coke, which is indispensable in the production of steel.
