A cabochon refers to a specific type of gemstone cut that is typically characterized by a smooth, convex, and polished surface without any facets or angles. Derived from the French word "caboche" meaning "head," a cabochon has a domed shape resembling the rounded top of a head or a bump. This form of cutting gemstones deviates from the popular faceted cuts, such as round brilliant or emerald cuts.
Cabochons are created by shaping and polishing a gemstone, usually resulting in a smooth rounded or oval surface. However, they can also come in other shapes, including square, rectangular, or irregular. They are commonly used to display the inner beauty and unique properties of opaque or translucent gems, like opal, moonstone, turquoise, and onyx, to name a few.
The purpose behind cabochon cutting is to highlight the gemstone's color, pattern, and texture, rather than its brilliance and sparkle, which are emphasized in faceted cuts. This cut is often utilized for gemstones with phenomena like asterism (star effect), chatoyancy (cat's eye effect), or play of color. Cabochons are frequently incorporated into various forms of jewelry, including rings, pendants, bracelets, and earrings.
In summary, a cabochon refers to a gemstone that has been cut and polished into a smooth, dome-shaped surface without any facets, aimed at showcasing its unique color, pattern, and texture.
