C-sis proteins, also referred to as PDGF-C, are a group of growth factors that belong to the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) family. These proteins are encoded by the PDGFC gene and play a crucial role in various physiological processes, particularly in cell growth and tissue repair.
C-sis proteins are secreted signaling molecules that act as mitogens, meaning they stimulate cell division and proliferation. They are primarily involved in regulating cell growth, wound healing, and embryonic development. These proteins are known to bind to specific cell surface receptors, such as PDGF receptors alpha and beta, initiating a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways that ultimately control cell division, migration, and survival.
One of the key functions of C-sis proteins is their involvement in the wound healing process. They stimulate the migration and proliferation of various cell types, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells, to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, C-sis proteins have been found to have angiogenic properties, promoting the formation of new blood vessels in damaged or ischemic tissues.
Abnormal regulation of C-sis proteins has been associated with several pathological conditions. Overexpression of PDGF-C has been observed in certain cancer types and is believed to contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, targeting C-sis proteins and their signaling pathways may hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and tissue injuries.
