The c-myb gene, also known as the Avian Myeloblastosis Viral Oncogene Homolog, is a proto-oncogene, which is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. It was first identified in the Avian Myeloblastosis virus, a retrovirus that causes myeloid leukemia in chickens. The c-myb gene codes for a transcription factor protein that plays a vital role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
The c-myb gene is normally expressed in cells of the hematopoietic system, which is responsible for the production of blood cells. It is involved in the maturation and differentiation of various blood cell types, including red blood cells, platelets, and certain types of white blood cells. The protein encoded by the c-myb gene binds to specific DNA sequences in the regulatory regions of target genes, thereby controlling their expression.
Mutation or abnormal activation of the c-myb gene can lead to the excessive proliferation of blood cells, which is a hallmark of leukemia. In many cases, the c-myb gene becomes permanently turned on, promoting uncontrolled cell growth and division. This aberrant activation can be caused by genetic alterations, such as chromosomal translocations or gene amplifications, or by dysregulated signaling pathways.
Understanding the functions and dysregulation of the c-myb gene has significant implications for cancer research and therapy. Targeted inhibition of c-myb has been explored as a potential treatment strategy for leukemia and other cancers characterized by aberrant expression of this gene.
