BV is an abbreviation for "Bacterial Vaginosis," which is a common vaginal infection that occurs when the balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted. Bacterial Vaginosis is characterized by an overgrowth of harmful bacteria, mainly Gardnerella vaginalis, which causes inflammation and irritation of the vaginal walls.
Symptoms of BV may include a thin grayish-white vaginal discharge with a fishy odor, itching, burning sensation, or vaginal discomfort. However, some individuals may not experience any symptoms at all.
The exact cause of BV is still unclear, but various factors can contribute to its development. These include an imbalance of vaginal bacteria, douching, multiple sexual partners, using scented or irritating soaps, and hormonal changes. BV is not considered a sexually transmitted infection, although having new or multiple partners can increase the risk of developing the condition.
BV is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and laboratory tests, such as analyzing a sample of the vaginal discharge. Treatment usually involves taking antibiotics, either orally or as a vaginal suppository or gel. It is important to complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence.
Failing to treat BV may lead to complications such as an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, pelvic inflammatory disease, and complications during pregnancy. Pregnant individuals with BV may be at risk of premature birth or delivering a low birth weight baby.
Regular hygiene practices, including avoiding douching, using mild, unscented soaps for intimate areas, and wearing breathable cotton underwear, can help prevent BV.
