Buttonquails are small, ground-dwelling birds belonging to the family Turnicidae, which comprises the order Charadriiformes. These birds are characterized by their plump bodies, short legs, and intricate coloration that allows them to blend into their surroundings.
Typically measuring around 15-20 centimeters in length, buttonquails are known for their rounded wings, small beaks, and distinctive sexual dimorphism in plumage. Males often exhibit brighter colors and intricate patterns compared to females. They are found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, savannas, scrublands, and agricultural areas, across various regions, including Africa, Asia, and Australia.
Buttonquails possess highly secretive behaviors, making them challenging to observe in the wild. They are predominantly ground-dwellers, relying on their strong legs and well-developed flight muscles for occasional short bursts of flight. These birds are primarily insectivorous, feeding on a diet consisting of small invertebrates, seeds, and plant matter.
The taxonomy of buttonquails is complex, with various species recognized within the family Turnicidae. Some well-known species include the Painted Buttonquail, Small Buttonquail, and Black-breasted Buttonquail. Buttonquails are also known for their unique breeding behaviors, such as polyandry, where females mate with multiple males and leave the incubation and care of the eggs to the males.
Overall, buttonquails are fascinating birds that occupy a niche in the avian world with their small size, cryptic plumage, and secretive habits, making them a captivating subject of study for avian enthusiasts and researchers alike.
The word "buttonquails" consists of two components: "button" and "quails".
The term "button" comes from Middle English "botoun" and Old French "botoun", which originated from the Latin word "bottō", meaning "knob" or "bud". It referred to a small, round object or disc-shaped ornament. Eventually, "button" also began to refer to any small, knob-like object, including buttons on clothing.
"Quail", on the other hand, is derived from the Middle English word "quaile", which came from the Old French "quaille" and Latin "quaccula". The origin of the word can be traced back to the imitation of the quail's call.
The combination of "button" and "quail" in "buttonquails" likely arises from the characteristic appearance of these small birds.