BUREAUCRACY Meaning and
Definition
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Bureaucracy refers to a system of managing and organizing a government or an organization characterized by the division of tasks and responsibilities among numerous officials and departments. It involves a hierarchical structure where decisions and actions are governed by a set of rules and regulations. The primary purpose of a bureaucracy is to ensure efficiency, standardization, and accountability in the functioning of public administration.
In a bureaucratic system, power and authority are concentrated in the hands of a select group of individuals who occupy higher positions within the hierarchy. These individuals, known as bureaucrats, are responsible for implementing policies, enforcing laws and regulations, and managing the day-to-day operations of the organization. Bureaucrats have specialized knowledge and expertise in their respective areas, enabling them to make informed decisions and provide guidance to their subordinates.
The bureaucracy operates based on established procedures and protocols, often resulting in high levels of paperwork, red tape, and formalities. This can sometimes slow down decision-making processes and hinder innovation. Additionally, bureaucracies can be perceived as rigid, inflexible, and resistant to change due to the presence of strict rules and regulations that guide their functioning.
While bureaucracies are necessary for maintaining order and consistency, concerns about their inefficiencies and bureaucratic stalling have led to criticisms and calls for bureaucratic reform. The importance of striking a balance between standardization and flexibility in order to ensure efficiency and adaptability is crucial in the functioning of any bureaucracy.
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The system by which the public service of a country is carried on in departments, each one under the control of a head; government by or under the influence of officials.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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Etymology of BUREAUCRACY
The word "bureaucracy" has its roots in the French language. It is derived from the French word "bureau", which means desk or office, and the Greek word "kratos", meaning rule or power. So, when combined, "bureaucracy" roughly translates to "rule by office or desk". The term was initially used in French governmental circles in the early 19th century to describe a system or administration characterized by intricate procedures, rigid hierarchical structure, and excessive red tape. It eventually became a more widely used term to refer to any complex and inefficient administrative system.
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