A bunion is a foot deformity that typically affects the big toe joint, characterized by the abnormal protrusion of the bone and tissue at the base of the big toe. It is a common condition that often results from an imbalance in the foot's structure or excessive pressure on the joint.
Medically known as hallux valgus, bunions generally occur when the big toe is forced to deviate from its normal alignment, causing the joint to shift outward and the metatarsal bone to protrude. This misalignment can lead to joint inflammation, pain, and difficulty in wearing shoes comfortably.
The symptoms associated with bunions include swelling, redness, tenderness, and a prominent bump on the inside of the foot. The condition may also cause the big toe to point towards the second toe, which can further lead to the development of corns, calluses, or bursitis.
Treatment for bunions can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Non-surgical options include wearing proper footwear, using orthotic devices, applying ice or taking over-the-counter pain medications to alleviate discomfort. If conservative measures fail to provide relief, surgical intervention may be required to realign the toe joint and remove the bony prominence.
Overall, bunions are a common foot condition that often causes pain and discomfort. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen, as early intervention can help prevent further damage and improve the overall quality of life.
