BRCA MUTATION Meaning and
Definition
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BRCA mutation refers to a genetic alteration that occurs in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. The BRCA genes are responsible for producing proteins that help to suppress the growth of cancerous cells and repair damaged DNA. However, certain mutations can disrupt the normal function of these genes, increasing the risk of developing certain types of cancers, particularly breast and ovarian cancers.
A person who inherits a BRCA mutation from either their mother or father has an increased likelihood of developing cancer during their lifetime. These mutations are typically inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which means that an individual with a mutated BRCA gene has a 50% chance of passing it on to their children. Individuals who carry these gene mutations have a higher lifetime risk of developing breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and other types of cancer.
BRCA mutations can be detected through genetic testing, which analyzes a person's DNA to identify any alterations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. This information is crucial in determining an individual's cancer risk and for making informed decisions about prevention and treatment options. People with BRCA mutations may choose to undergo surveillance measures, such as regular screenings and check-ups, or preventive interventions like prophylactic surgeries to reduce their cancer risk.
Overall, the term "BRCA mutation" refers to a genetic anomaly that affects the BRCA genes, leading to an increased risk of developing certain types of cancers.
Etymology of BRCA MUTATION
The word "BRCA" is an abbreviation for "Breast Cancer". The acronym stands for "BReast CAncer susceptibility gene". The term "mutation" refers to a genetic change or alteration that can occur in the BRCA genes, which are responsible for regulating cell growth and division. The etymology of "BRCA mutation" primarily comes from the medical and scientific context related to breast cancer research and genetics.
