BORNHOLM DISEASE Meaning and
Definition
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Bornholm disease, also known as epidemic pleurodynia, is a viral infection that primarily affects the muscles between the ribs, resulting in sudden and severe chest pain. This disease is caused by group B coxsackieviruses, specifically type B1 to B6, and occasionally type A9. It is commonly observed during outbreaks in different regions, especially in children and young adults.
The hallmark symptom of Bornholm disease is a sharp, stabbing pain in the chest or side, which can be exacerbated by deep breaths, movement, or pressure. This pain is often severe and may last for a few hours to several days. Additional symptoms may include fever, headache, fatigue, sore throat, and abdominal pain.
The infection spreads through contact with respiratory secretions of infected individuals, such as coughing or sneezing. The virus can also be contracted through contaminated surfaces or direct contact with the infected person.
The diagnosis of Bornholm disease is primarily based on clinical symptoms and medical history. Laboratory tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or viral cultures, may be performed to confirm the presence of coxsackievirus in the body.
Treatment for Bornholm disease mainly focuses on relieving symptoms through pain management and adequate rest. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics are commonly prescribed to alleviate chest pain. Additionally, maintaining hydration and a balanced diet are essential for a quick recovery.
Most cases of Bornholm disease resolve within a week without any complications. However, in some rare instances, complications such as viral meningitis, myocarditis, or myositis can occur. By practicing good hygiene, including proper handwashing and avoiding close contact with infected individuals, the risk of contracting Bornholm disease can be significantly reduced.
Common Misspellings for BORNHOLM DISEASE
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Etymology of BORNHOLM DISEASE
The term "Bornholm disease" refers to a viral infection that causes severe pain in the chest, leading to difficulties in breathing. It is also known as epidemic pleurodynia or "Devil's Grip". The etymology of the word "Bornholm disease" can be traced back to the Danish island of Bornholm, where a large outbreak of the disease occurred in 1932.
The name "Bornholm disease" was given by Ole Sigurd Wessberg, a Danish physician who extensively studied the outbreak. He named it after the island where the epidemic was first identified. Wessberg had initially referred to it as "acute diaphragmatic pleuritis", but later changed it to "Bornholm disease" to emphasize its geographical association.
It is important to note that Bornholm disease is caused by the Coxsackievirus B, which is a member of the enterovirus family.
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