BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS Meaning and
Definition
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Blood gas analysis is a diagnostic test that measures the levels of certain gases in the blood, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH. It is used to evaluate a patient's respiratory and metabolic function, providing valuable information about the overall health and functioning of the body.
The procedure involves sampling arterial blood, typically from the radial artery in the wrist or the femoral artery in the groin, as arterial blood provides a more accurate representation of the body's gas exchange than venous blood. The blood sample is collected in a specialized syringe that contains chemicals to preserve the gases in their natural state until the analysis can be performed.
Once the blood sample is obtained, it is immediately sent to the laboratory for analysis. The machine used to perform blood gas analysis measures the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide, as well as the blood's pH level. Additionally, it may also measure other parameters such as bicarbonate and base excess to further assess the patient's acid-base balance.
Blood gas analysis is commonly used in the critical care setting, especially in patients with severe respiratory or metabolic disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, or diabetic ketoacidosis. The results of a blood gas analysis can help healthcare professionals diagnose and monitor these conditions, guide appropriate treatment interventions, and assess the patient's response to therapy.
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