Bleeding from the nose, medically known as epistaxis, refers to the occurrence of blood flowing out of the nasal cavity. It is a fairly common condition that can happen spontaneously or as a result of an underlying health issue, although in most cases, it is not a cause for alarm.
Epistaxis can be classified into two types: anterior and posterior. Anterior nosebleeds originate from the front part of the nasal cavity and are often the more common and less severe type. They usually occur due to the rupture of blood vessels in the nasal septum, which is the thin wall that separates the nostrils. Posterior nosebleeds, on the other hand, stem from the back part of the nasal cavity and are less common but potentially more serious. They are typically caused by bleeding from larger vessels in the back of the nose or throat.
The causes of nosebleeds can vary, including dry air, nasal irritation, allergies, picking or blowing the nose forcefully, trauma, infections, nose tumors, high blood pressure, blood disorders, or side effects of certain medications. While most cases of epistaxis can be managed at home with simple measures like pinching the nostrils together and tilting the head forward to prevent blood from flowing down the throat, severe or recurrent nosebleeds may require medical intervention.
It is advisable to seek medical attention if nosebleeds occur frequently, last for an extended duration, are accompanied by persistent bleeding from other areas, or if significant pain or difficulty breathing is present. A healthcare professional can evaluate the underlying cause and suggest appropriate treatment, which may include cauterization, nasal packing, medication, or, in rare cases, surgery.
