Biological tumor markers are substances or molecules that are present in the body and can be detected in the blood, urine, or tissues of individuals with certain types of cancer. These markers are produced either by cancer cells themselves or by normal cells as a response to the presence of cancer in the body. They serve as indicators of the presence, growth, or progression of cancer, and can further assist in diagnosing and monitoring the disease.
The presence or levels of biological tumor markers may vary depending on the type and stage of cancer. Medical professionals utilize these markers to aid in cancer diagnosis, as they can help identify the specific type of cancer, distinguish between benign and malignant tumors, and determine the extent of the disease. Moreover, tumor markers can be employed to predict the prognosis or response to treatment, as well as monitor the effectiveness of therapies.
Common examples of biological tumor markers include prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer, CA-125 for ovarian cancer, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for colorectal cancer. While these markers are valuable tools in cancer management, it is important to note that they are not definitive proof of cancer presence, and further diagnostic tests may be necessary for accurate diagnosis.
In summary, biological tumor markers are substances or molecules detected in bodily fluids or tissues, which provide valuable information about the presence, progression, and response to treatment of cancer. They play a crucial role in cancer detection, diagnosis, and monitoring, aiding healthcare professionals in providing appropriate and personalized care to individuals affected by cancer.
