BIOLOGICAL TARGET Meaning and
Definition
-
Biological target refers to a specific molecule, cell, tissue, or organism that is the focus of a therapeutic, diagnostic, or research intervention. It is usually a key component of a biological pathway or process involved in the onset or progression of a disease or condition. The concept of a biological target is fundamental in the field of medicine and drug discovery, where the identification and characterization of these targets is crucial for the development of effective medications and therapies.
In the context of drug discovery and development, a biological target represents a site of action for a drug or a drug candidate. It refers to a particular molecule, such as a protein, receptor, enzyme, or nucleic acid, with which the drug interacts to produce a desired therapeutic effect. Targeted drugs are designed to selectively bind to and modulate the activity of these specific targets, altering the biological processes in a desired manner.
Biological targets can also be utilized in diagnostic procedures to detect the presence, absence, or characteristics of certain diseases or conditions. For instance, biomarkers are specific molecules or characteristics that can serve as biological targets for diagnostic tests, helping in the identification and monitoring of various diseases.
Understanding the biological targets involved in a particular disease or condition is essential for advancing medical knowledge, improving patient care, and developing innovative treatments. By elucidating the role and function of these targets, scientists can devise strategies for precise interventions, leading to more effective therapies and diagnostics.
Etymology of BIOLOGICAL TARGET
The word "biological" comes from the Greek word "bios", meaning "life", and the suffix "-logical", which is derived from the Greek word "logos", meaning "study" or "knowledge".
The word "target" has its origins in Old French, originating from the word "targette", which meant "small shield". It further derives from the Middle English word "target", referring to a shield used in archery practice. Eventually, "target" evolved to mean the object aimed at or desired.
When combining these two words to form "biological target", it refers to a specific molecule, structure, or process within a living organism that is the intended focus or point of interest for scientific study, drug development, or medical intervention.
