BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS Meaning and
Definition
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Biodegradable plastics refer to a type of plastic material that has the ability to break down naturally in the environment through the action of microorganisms. Unlike traditional plastics, which are made from petroleum-based polymers that can persist in the environment for hundreds of years, biodegradable plastics are designed to undergo decomposition within a shorter period of time, typically ranging from several months to a few years.
These plastics are manufactured from organic sources such as plant starch, cellulose, or other renewable materials. They are engineered to possess molecular structures that are more easily broken down by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, through a process called enzymatic degradation. When exposed to favorable environmental conditions, including heat, moisture, and microbial activity, these plastics can undergo decomposition into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by microorganisms.
Biodegradable plastics offer several environmental advantages compared to traditional plastics. They contribute to reducing the accumulation of plastic waste in landfills and the marine environment, addressing the issue of plastic pollution. Their decomposition process also releases fewer greenhouse gases compared to the incineration or landfilling of conventional plastics, contributing to mitigating climate change.
However, it is important to note that the term "biodegradable" should be used with caution, as the actual decomposition rate of these plastics can vary depending on the conditions they are exposed to. It is crucial to ensure that biodegradable plastics are disposed of properly in appropriate waste management systems to maximize their environmental benefits.
Etymology of BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS
The word "biodegradable" originated from the combination of the prefix "bio-" meaning life, derived from the Greek word "bios", and the word "degradable" meaning capable of being broken down or decomposed. "Bio-" is often used as a prefix to describe things related to living organisms or biological processes.
The term "plastics" comes from the Greek word "plastikos", which means "capable of being shaped or molded". It refers to a group of synthetic materials, generally polymers, that are capable of being molded into various shapes and forms.
Thus, "biodegradable plastics" combines these two words to describe a type of plastic material that has the capability to break down and decompose into natural elements through the action of living organisms and natural processes over time.
