BICO is an acronym that stands for "Bilateral Internal Carotid Occlusion." It is a medical condition in which both internal carotid arteries, which are responsible for supplying blood to the brain, are blocked or obstructed. The internal carotid arteries are major blood vessels located on either side of the neck, and any obstruction in these arteries can severely impact blood flow to the brain.
BICO is typically a result of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque inside the arteries, leading to their narrowing or complete blockage. This blockage disrupts the normal blood flow, causing a reduction in the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain, which can result in various neurological symptoms.
Symptoms of BICO may include dizziness, blurred vision, transient or permanent vision loss, weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg on one side of the body, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, and severe headaches. These symptoms can significantly impair a person's quality of life and may require immediate medical attention.
The treatment for BICO aims to restore blood flow to the brain and manage the underlying cause of arterial blockage. This can be achieved through medication to control risk factors like high blood pressure and cholesterol, surgical interventions like carotid endarterectomy or angioplasty, or in severe cases, bypass surgery. Close monitoring and lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthy diet and exercising regularly, are also essential to manage this condition effectively.
