Benign cranial neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma or acoustic neuroma, is a non-cancerous tumor that forms on the eighth cranial nerve, also called the vestibulocochlear nerve. This nerve is responsible for transmitting sound and balance information from the inner ear to the brain.
The term "benign" indicates that the tumor is not cancerous and does not spread to other parts of the body. Despite being considered benign, cranial neuromas can still cause health issues due to their location and size.
Patients with benign cranial neuromas often experience symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), dizziness, imbalance, and facial numbness or weakness. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the size and growth rate of the tumor.
Diagnosis usually involves thorough medical history assessment, physical examination, hearing tests, and imaging scans, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment options depend on the size and symptoms of the tumor, as well as individual patient factors.
Treatment may include observation, where regular monitoring is carried out to assess the tumor's growth and the progression of symptoms. Surgical removal is another option, and it aims to remove the tumor while preserving the function of the affected nerve. In some cases, radiation therapy may be used to shrink the tumor or halt its growth.
Regular follow-up care is crucial for individuals with benign cranial neuromas, as some tumors may continue to grow or recur over time. Therefore, ongoing monitoring and management are necessary to ensure optimal outcomes and quality of life for patients.
