Bengal quince, scientifically known as Aegle marmelos, is a species of fruit-bearing tree native to the Indian subcontinent. Also referred to as the Bael tree, it belongs to the Rutaceae family and is esteemed for its medicinal and culinary uses. The tree is characterized by its moderate height, reaching up to 15 meters, and has a slender trunk with light grayish-brown bark. Its deciduous foliage consists of glossy, trifoliate leaves that are alternately arranged on the branches.
The term "Bengal quince" specifically denotes the fruit produced by the Bael tree. The fruit is approximately the size of a large grapefruit, with a tough outer skin that ripens from green to yellowish-green when mature. The thick skin is known for its unmistakable scent, which can be described as akin to that of a quince, thus giving the fruit its name. The flesh of a Bengal quince is orange or yellow, soft, and filled with numerous small, bumpy seeds surrounded by fibrous membranes. The taste can range from sweet to slightly acidic, with a unique flavor that is both aromatic and refreshing.
Bengal quinces have a long history of traditional medicine, as various parts of the tree, such as the roots, leaves, and fruit, are believed to possess medicinal properties. The fruit is particularly praised for its digestive and purgative qualities, and is often used to alleviate digestive disorders. Additionally, the Bengal quince is highly valued for its high vitamin C content and its potential to boost immunity. It is consumed in both fresh and dried forms, and is also used in the preparation of traditional beverages, jams, jellies, and desserts.
