Bast fibre refers to a type of plant fibre that is obtained from the inner bark or phloem of certain plants. It is characterized by its strength, durability, and flexibility. The term "bast" is derived from the Old English word "bæst," meaning the inner bark of a tree or shrub.
Bast fibres can be extracted from a variety of plants, including flax, hemp, jute, ramie, and nettle, among others. These fibres are typically long, slender, and tough. They are known for their ability to withstand high tension and stress, making them ideal for applications that require strength and resilience.
The production process of obtaining bast fibres involves several steps. Initially, the plant stems are harvested, and the outer layers are removed to expose the inner bark or phloem. This inner bark is then retted, a process that involves soaking the stems in water to break down the pectins holding the fibres together. Following retting, the fibres are then separated from the woody core of the plant through a process known as scutching.
Bast fibres have a wide range of uses in various industries. Due to their strength and durability, they are commonly utilized in textiles to make products such as linen, rope, twine, and canvas. Additionally, they are employed in the production of paper, composites, insulation, and even biofuels. The versatility and natural properties of bast fibres make them a valuable resource in numerous applications.
