Pronunciation: [bˈasɔːɹə] (IPA) 
The correct spelling of the city in southern Iraq is "Basra" /ˈbæsrə/, not "Bassora". The confusion may have arisen due to the pronunciation of the "r" sound in some dialects of Arabic, which may be closer to a "ra" sound. However, in English, the correct spelling is with the letter "r" in the final syllable. The IPA phonetic transcription for "Basra" is /ˈbæsrə/, with stress on the first syllable.
Bassora, also known as Basra, is a city located in southern Iraq near the Shatt al-Arab waterway, which forms part of the border with Iran. It is the capital of Basra Province and is the country's principal port, serving as a major hub for trade in the region.
Historically, Bassora has played a significant role in the Middle Eastern trade routes, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age. It has been an important center for trade and commerce, known for its thriving markets and bustling port. Throughout its history, the city has been influenced by various civilizations, including the Sumerians, Assyrians, Persians, Arab Muslims, and Ottoman Turks.
With a population of over two million people, Bassora is among Iraq's largest cities and serves as a major economic and cultural hub in the country. The city's economy is primarily based on the oil industry, as it is surrounded by vast oil fields. Additionally, industries such as fishing, agriculture, and petrochemicals contribute to its economic growth.
Bassora is also known for its historical sites and religious landmarks, including the Great Mosque of Basra, which dates back to the 11th century. Other notable attractions include the Basra Museum, which houses artifacts from the ancient Mesopotamian civilizations, and the Basra Sheraton Hotel, a famous landmark that reflects the city's modern development.
Overall, Bassora is a dynamic city with a rich history and an important role in Iraq's trade and economic sectors. Its strategic location, cultural heritage, and economic significance make it a city of global importance in the Middle East region.
The word "Bassora" has its origins in Arabic. It comes from the Arabic name for the city, which is "al-Baṣrah" (البصرة). The name is believed to have derived from the Arabic word "baṣara" (بصر), meaning "to see" or "to perceive", indicating that the city was an ancient center of trade and commerce, serving as a gateway for many Arabian merchants. The name has remained unchanged throughout history, despite various historical influences on the region and the evolution of languages.
