BASALT Meaning and
Definition
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Basalt is a type of fine-grained, dense volcanic rock that is formed from the rapid cooling and solidification of lava flows. It is characterized by its dark color, ranging from dark grey to black, and its fine-grained texture. Basalt is composed mainly of minerals such as plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and olivine. It is commonly found in areas with recent or ongoing volcanic activity, including in oceanic crust, volcanic islands, and regions associated with continental rifts and hotspots.
Basalt is known for its durability and resistance to weathering, making it a popular material for construction and use in various applications. It is commonly used as a building stone, particularly in the construction of roads, railways, and bridges, due to its strength and ability to withstand heavy loads. It is also utilized in the production of asphalt for road surfacing and as aggregate in concrete.
In addition to its practical uses, basalt holds great significance in geology and Earth science. It provides valuable insights into volcanic processes and the evolution of Earth's crust. Basaltic lava flows are often erupted from volcanic vents or fissures and can create distinctive landforms such as lava tubes, basalt columns, and lava plateaus. These formations not only contribute to the geological diversity of an area but also often form stunning natural landmarks and tourist attractions.
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A dark greyish-black stone of volcanic origin, often occurring in the form of columns or prisms, three, five, or more sided, regular and jointed.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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Etymology of BASALT
The word "basalt" has its origins in Latin and Greek. It is derived from the Latin word "basaltes", which refers to a hard, blackish stone. The Latin term was borrowed from the Greek word "basaltes lithos", where "basaltes" means "a kind of Egyptian copper ore" and "lithos" means "stone". The Greek term "basaltes" is believed to have come from the Egyptian word "batn el-sammed", which translates to "the mummy's rock". This name possibly refers to the dark color and fine texture of the stone, which is reminiscent of the wrappings of mummified bodies.
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