Pronunciation: [bˈɔːl kˈɒk] (IPA) 
The spelling of the term "ball cock" may cause confusion due to its similarity to an offensive word. However, the correct spelling of this plumbing mechanism is "ball cock," with a "c" rather than a "k." In IPA phonetic transcription, it is pronounced as /bɔl kɑk/. Despite the potential for misunderstanding, it remains a common term in the plumbing industry to describe a valve that controls the flow of water in a tank or cistern.
The term "ball cock" refers to a mechanical valve mechanism used in plumbing to control the flow of water in a storage tank or cistern. It is commonly used in toilet tanks and other water storage systems. The primary function of the ball cock is to regulate the water level in the tank by automatically shutting off the water supply once the desired level is reached.
The ball cock mechanism consists of a hollow buoyant ball attached to a lever arm or a rod that is connected to the water supply valve. The ball floats on the surface of the water in the tank and as the water level rises, it lifts the ball which in turn lifts the lever arm. This action causes the valve to open, allowing water to enter the tank. Once the water level reaches the desired height, the buoyant ball sinks and lowers the lever arm, shutting off the valve and stopping the flow of water.
Ball cocks are typically designed to be adjustable, allowing users to control the water level according to their needs. They are relatively simple and reliable devices, essential for maintaining the proper functioning of water storage systems. Despite their simple construction, ball cocks have evolved over time with new variations and improved materials being used for durability and efficiency.
The word "ballcock" is composed of two parts: "ball" and "cock".
The term "ball" refers to a round, spherical object. In this context, it refers to the round float or ball that is used to regulate the level of water in a cistern or toilet tank.
The term "cock" originated from the Latin word "cocus", which means "rooster". In older English usage, the term "cock" was used to refer to a valve or stopcock that controlled the flow of a liquid or gas. Over time, "cock" came to be used specifically for the valve mechanism in toilet tanks.
Combining these two elements, "ballcock" is a term that describes the mechanical device used in toilets to control the filling and stopping of water flow in the cistern.
