Bahr el Ghazal, also spelled Bahr al Ghazal, is a geographical and administrative region located in central and northwestern South Sudan, in East-Central Africa. In Arabic, "bahr" means "sea" or "river," while "ghazal" translates to "gazelle." Thus, Bahr el Ghazal literally means "sea (or river) of gazelles."
Covering an area of approximately 600,000 square kilometers, Bahr el Ghazal is one of the ten states within South Sudan. It is bordered by the neighboring regions of Darfur and Kordofan in Sudan to the north, the White Nile to the east, Lakes and Western Equatoria to the south, and the Central African Republic to the west. The region is characterized by vast grasslands, wetlands, and scattered forests, making it a significant agricultural and pastoral hub.
Bahr el Ghazal is known for its diverse ethnic composition, primarily inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Dinka, Nuer, and Luo. The region's population relies heavily on livestock farming, agriculture, and trade. The capital city of Bahr el Ghazal is Wau, which serves as a major economic and administrative center.
Historically, Bahr el Ghazal has faced various challenges, including armed conflict, ethnic tensions, and political instability. However, it remains an essential and culturally rich region within South Sudan, known for its traditional practices, folklore, and deep connection to the Nile River, which supports livelihoods and sustains the local ecosystem.
