Aythya ferina, commonly known as the common pochard, is a medium-sized diving duck species belonging to the Aythyinae subfamily. This species is prevalent throughout Europe and Asia, predominantly inhabiting freshwater bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, and marshlands.
The common pochard possesses prominent characteristics that aid in its identification. It measures between 42 to 49 centimeters in length, with adult males usually being larger than the females. The males flaunt a rich chestnut-brown plumage on their body, dark brown head with a red-chestnut beak, and a distinct bright red eye. Females, on the other hand, have a more modest appearance, exhibiting a brown coloration overall, with a pale face, and a brownish-black beak.
This diving bird species utilizes its webbed feet to propel itself underwater, effortlessly diving for aquatic vegetation, seeds, roots, and occasionally small fish or invertebrates. During the breeding season, it constructs its nest amidst dense vegetation near water bodies, concealing its clutch of eggs.
The common pochard is a migratory bird, an impressive long-distance traveler. They typically breed in Northern Europe and Western Asia before migrating to wintering areas in Southern Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Their distinctive, low-pitched whistling call can often be heard during their regular flights. However, the species faces various challenges, including habitat loss, pollution, hunting, and disturbance by human activities, placing them under conservation concern in several regions. Efforts to protect and conserve their habitats, particularly wetlands, are crucial for the sustainability of Aythya ferina populations in the future.
