AUGUST WEISMANN Meaning and
Definition
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August Weismann (1834-1914) was a German biologist and pioneer in the field of evolutionary biology. He is best known for his theory of the continuity of the germ-plasm, which greatly influenced the understanding of heredity.
Weismann proposed that hereditary information is exclusively carried in specialized cells known as germ cells, which he referred to as the germ-plasm. According to his theory, these germ cells are distinct from the other cells of the body and are responsible for passing on genetic material from one generation to the next. Weismann argued that the germ-plasm remains unchanged during an organism's lifetime, except for random mutations that arise spontaneously. These mutations can provide the raw material for evolution by natural selection.
In addition to his germ-plasm theory, Weismann conducted numerous studies on the regeneration of organs and tissues, including experiments on salamanders and planarians. He also contributed to the understanding of the role of chromosomes in heredity.
Weismann's work laid the foundation for modern evolutionary biology and genetics. His theory of germ-plasm continuity, although later revised and expanded upon by subsequent scientists, was instrumental in defining the distinction between somatic and germ cells. His ideas influenced many prominent biologists and continue to shape our understanding of inheritance and evolution.
