Audio lingual acquisition refers to the process through which individuals acquire a new language by primarily relying on auditory input and intensive drilling exercises. The term is derived from the combination of "audio" (related to sound or hearing) and "lingual" (related to language). This method of language acquisition gained popularity in the mid-20th century, particularly in the teaching of second or foreign languages.
In audio lingual acquisition, the emphasis is placed on developing oral skills, such as speaking and listening, before focusing on reading and writing. This approach relies heavily on repetition and pattern drills to develop automaticity and accuracy in language production. Learners listen to and imitate native speakers, mimicking their pronunciation, intonation, and sentence patterns. Through consistent practice, learners internalize the language structure, grammar, and vocabulary of the target language.
Audio lingual acquisition often employs recorded dialogues and audio materials, allowing learners to familiarize themselves with authentic language usage. The method also commonly incorporates controlled speaking activities, where learners respond to prompts and participate in meaningful exchanges to reinforce language patterns and concepts.
While audio lingual acquisition was popular during the mid-20th century, it gradually fell out of favor due to criticism regarding its lack of flexibility, limited focus on meaning, and absence of communicative competence. However, elements of this method have been incorporated into modern language teaching approaches, recognizing the benefits of auditory input, drilling, and repetition in language acquisition.
