Astro inertial guidance refers to a technology that combines aspects of astronomy and inertial navigation to provide accurate guidance and navigation systems for various vehicles, including spacecraft, aircraft, and missiles. It involves the integration of stellar observations with measurements from an inertial navigation system (INS) to determine the precise position, orientation, and velocity of a vehicle in motion.
The term "astro inertial" signifies the utilization of celestial objects, such as stars and planets, as reference points for navigation. In this guidance system, sensors onboard the vehicle observe and track these celestial objects to determine the vehicle's attitude and direction. This information is then fused with the data obtained from the inertial sensors, including accelerometers and gyroscopes, which measure changes in the vehicle's motion.
By combining the inputs from both the astronomical observations and the inertial measurements, astro inertial guidance ensures a high level of accuracy and reliability in determining a vehicle's position. It compensates for the inherent errors and drifts associated with inertial navigation systems by periodically updating the information using celestial fixes. This technology is particularly useful in situations where GPS signals are unavailable or unreliable, such as deep space missions or long-range intercontinental missile flights.
Astro inertial guidance has found applications in various fields, including aerospace, defense, and exploration. Its wide usage and advancement have played a crucial role in enabling precise navigation, control, and guidance of vehicles, enhancing their safety and efficiency.
